Mortarless Structures with Hollow Interlocking Blocks – A Review

Abstract

Cost-effectiveness of structures mostly rely on reduction of building materials. Additionally, the construction time also contributes in economic aspect. Both material and time consumption take part in making conventional construction expensive. Potential of mortarless construction in local regions of Pakistan has not been reported in literature. Thus, the aim of this literature research is to have a comprehensive review of literature about the potential of mortarless construction in local regions. This is accomplished by focusing on articles published in highly reputable journals in last one decade. Pakistan is currently facing an issue of housing demand due to 2.4% annual population growth. Mortarless construction being one of the vibrant techniques has its own pros and cons. Mechanism of interlocking commonly depends on the block shape, applicable restraints and interfacial angles. Interlocking blocks with lugs and keys have the ability to use their topology in maintaining the structural integrity. The peripheral boundary of a block is responsible for maintaining the structural stability by dissipating frictional forces at contact surfaces. Boundary constraints like lintels and tensioned ropes provide additional integrity to whole structure. The interfacial angle between interlocked surfaces determines the resistance of block removal against lateral loading. Local regions in Asia and particularly Pakistan face economic limitations in construction. Practical implementation of mortarless interlocking structures can be economically beneficial provided sufficient robustness for stability.