Influence of Aluminium and Zinc Additives on the Physical and Thermal Behaviour of Cast Copper
Keywords:
Cu-alloys, Age hardening, Precipitates, Conductivity, Absorbance, Microstructure
Abstract
Role of aluminium and zinc additions on the physical and thermal behavior of cast copper are investigated. Metal casting is used in the production of bronze and brass with composition of 10wt% each Al and Zn. Cast alloys has been studied by subjecting to isochronal and isothermal ageing at various temperatures up to 500°C and different times ranging from 15 to 240 minutes respectively. Microhardness values of the differently processed alloys have been measured to understand the ageing behavior of Cu with Al and Zn addition. It is observed that hardening takes place due to solid-solution hardening. Al addition responses some age hardening behavior in the aged alloy due to formation of hard and brittle intermetallic of copper aluminites. The thermal conductivity of the alloys increases marginally through heat treatment due to stress relieving and decreases due to formation of intermetallic precipitates. It is also found that incorporation of Al and Zn affects the absorbance properties of cast Cu. A microstructural study of the alloys reveals that the cast alloys contents the different phases of grains. It is also observed that all the alloys accomplish partially re-crystallized state after aging at 400°C for one hour.
References
[1] Chandler H (2006) Metallurgy for the Non-Metallurgist. ASM international, 4th edition, Materials Park, OH, USA
[2] Tuthill AH (1987) Guidelines for the use of copper alloys in seawater. Materials Performance 26(9): 12-22.
[3] Rogers JA (1997) Dispersion-Strengthened Copper Alloys with Useful Electrical and Mechanical Properties. Powder Metallurgy 20(4): 212-220.
[4] Kanamori M, Ueda S (1960) The effect of alloying elements on the properties of copper-aluminium-nickel-iron quaternary cast alloys. Transactions of the Japan Institute of Metals 1(2): 103-107.
[5] Ridhwan J, Syafiq M, Hasan R, Zulfattah Z M (2013) Effect of ageing on the microstructures and mechanical properties of C102 copper alloy. Journal of Engineering and Technology 4(2): 115-124.
[6] Sadayappan M, Cousineau D, Zavadil R, Sahoo M, Michels H (2002) Grain refinement of permanent mold cast copper base alloys. AFS Transactions 110: 505-514.
[7] Ri K., Komkov V.G., Ri EK (2014) Effect of alloying elements on the physicomechanical properties of copper and tin bronze. Russian Metallurgy 9: 750-755.
[8] Boyer HE (2013) Heat Treating of Nonferrous Alloys. Metallography, Microstructure and Analysis 2(3): 190-195.
[9] Taiwo AM, Olarewaju KO, Ndububa EE (2019) Chemical composition of commonly used local and foreign steel reinforcements and the effects on the strength property of the material composites. Journal of Computational Engineering and Physical Modeling 2(3) 32-49.
[10] Yang R, Wen J, Zhou Y, Song K, Niu L, Guo H, Yu Y (2020) Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu-6.9Ni-2.97Al-0.99Fe-1.06Mn alloy. Materials Science and Technology 36(1): 83-91.
[11] Tiberto D, Klotz UE, Held F, Wolf G. (2019) Additive manufacturing of copper alloys: influence of process parameters and alloying elements. Materials science and technology 35(8) 969-977.
[12] Chester G.V, Thellung A (1961) The Law of Wiedemann and Franz. Proceedings of the Physical Society77(5): 1005-1013.
[13] Altuncu E, Iriç S, Ustel F (2012) Wear resistant intermetallic arc spray coatings. Materials and Technology 46(2): 181-183.
[14] Zhang D, Li Y, Feng K, Zhu P, Xu G. (2018) Effect of Aging Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Aluminium Brass. IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 452: 1-5.
[15] Kaiser MS (2018) Solution treatment effect on tensile, impact and fracture behaviour of trace Zr added Al-12Si-1Mg-1Cu piston Alloy. Journal of the Institution of Engineers, D, India 99(1): 109-114.
[16] Rodríguez IR, Guevara AL, Sicacha MS, Mosquera JCM, Agudo MR, Gutierrez CR, García MR (2018) The Influence of the Precipitation Heat Treatment Temperature on the Metallurgical, Microstructure, Thermal Properties, and Microhardness of an Alpha Brass. Materials Sciences and Applications 9(4): 440-454.
[17] Ozgowicz W, Ozgowicz, EK., Grzegorczyk B (2010) The microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy CuZn30 after recrystallizion annealing. Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 40(1) 15-24.
[18] Hong HL, Wang Q, Dong C, Liaw P.K. (2014) Understanding the Cu-Zn brass alloys using a short-range-order cluster model: significance of specific compositions of industrial alloys. Scientific Reports, 4: 1-4.
[19] Cooper CD, Mustard JF (1999) Effects of Very Fine Particle Size on Reflectance Spectra of Smectite and Palagonitic SoilI. Icarus 142(2): 557-570.
[20] Humme RE, Holbrook JA, Andrews JB (1973) Compositional modulation of Cu-Zn, Cu-Al and Cu-Ni alloys. Surface Science. 37: 717-729.
[21] Benchabane G., Boumerzoug Z., Gloriant T. Thibon I (2011) Microstructural characterization and recrystallization kinetics of cold rolled copper. Physica B: Condensed Matter 406(10): 1973- 1976.
[22] Hajek J, Kriz A, Chocholaty O, Pakula D (2016) Effect of heat treatment on microstructural changes in aluminium bronze. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 61(3): 1271-1276.
[23] Igelegbai EE, Alo OA, Adeodu AO, Daniyan IA (2017) Evaluation of Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of α-Brass Alloy Produced from Scrap Copper and Zinc Metal through Sand Casting Process. Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 5(1): 18-28.
[24] Wu Y, Huang S, Chen Q, Feng B, Shu D, Huang Z (2019) Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Copper Billets Fabricated by the Repetitive Extrusion and Free Forging Process. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 28(4): 2063-2070.
[2] Tuthill AH (1987) Guidelines for the use of copper alloys in seawater. Materials Performance 26(9): 12-22.
[3] Rogers JA (1997) Dispersion-Strengthened Copper Alloys with Useful Electrical and Mechanical Properties. Powder Metallurgy 20(4): 212-220.
[4] Kanamori M, Ueda S (1960) The effect of alloying elements on the properties of copper-aluminium-nickel-iron quaternary cast alloys. Transactions of the Japan Institute of Metals 1(2): 103-107.
[5] Ridhwan J, Syafiq M, Hasan R, Zulfattah Z M (2013) Effect of ageing on the microstructures and mechanical properties of C102 copper alloy. Journal of Engineering and Technology 4(2): 115-124.
[6] Sadayappan M, Cousineau D, Zavadil R, Sahoo M, Michels H (2002) Grain refinement of permanent mold cast copper base alloys. AFS Transactions 110: 505-514.
[7] Ri K., Komkov V.G., Ri EK (2014) Effect of alloying elements on the physicomechanical properties of copper and tin bronze. Russian Metallurgy 9: 750-755.
[8] Boyer HE (2013) Heat Treating of Nonferrous Alloys. Metallography, Microstructure and Analysis 2(3): 190-195.
[9] Taiwo AM, Olarewaju KO, Ndububa EE (2019) Chemical composition of commonly used local and foreign steel reinforcements and the effects on the strength property of the material composites. Journal of Computational Engineering and Physical Modeling 2(3) 32-49.
[10] Yang R, Wen J, Zhou Y, Song K, Niu L, Guo H, Yu Y (2020) Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu-6.9Ni-2.97Al-0.99Fe-1.06Mn alloy. Materials Science and Technology 36(1): 83-91.
[11] Tiberto D, Klotz UE, Held F, Wolf G. (2019) Additive manufacturing of copper alloys: influence of process parameters and alloying elements. Materials science and technology 35(8) 969-977.
[12] Chester G.V, Thellung A (1961) The Law of Wiedemann and Franz. Proceedings of the Physical Society77(5): 1005-1013.
[13] Altuncu E, Iriç S, Ustel F (2012) Wear resistant intermetallic arc spray coatings. Materials and Technology 46(2): 181-183.
[14] Zhang D, Li Y, Feng K, Zhu P, Xu G. (2018) Effect of Aging Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Aluminium Brass. IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 452: 1-5.
[15] Kaiser MS (2018) Solution treatment effect on tensile, impact and fracture behaviour of trace Zr added Al-12Si-1Mg-1Cu piston Alloy. Journal of the Institution of Engineers, D, India 99(1): 109-114.
[16] Rodríguez IR, Guevara AL, Sicacha MS, Mosquera JCM, Agudo MR, Gutierrez CR, García MR (2018) The Influence of the Precipitation Heat Treatment Temperature on the Metallurgical, Microstructure, Thermal Properties, and Microhardness of an Alpha Brass. Materials Sciences and Applications 9(4): 440-454.
[17] Ozgowicz W, Ozgowicz, EK., Grzegorczyk B (2010) The microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy CuZn30 after recrystallizion annealing. Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 40(1) 15-24.
[18] Hong HL, Wang Q, Dong C, Liaw P.K. (2014) Understanding the Cu-Zn brass alloys using a short-range-order cluster model: significance of specific compositions of industrial alloys. Scientific Reports, 4: 1-4.
[19] Cooper CD, Mustard JF (1999) Effects of Very Fine Particle Size on Reflectance Spectra of Smectite and Palagonitic SoilI. Icarus 142(2): 557-570.
[20] Humme RE, Holbrook JA, Andrews JB (1973) Compositional modulation of Cu-Zn, Cu-Al and Cu-Ni alloys. Surface Science. 37: 717-729.
[21] Benchabane G., Boumerzoug Z., Gloriant T. Thibon I (2011) Microstructural characterization and recrystallization kinetics of cold rolled copper. Physica B: Condensed Matter 406(10): 1973- 1976.
[22] Hajek J, Kriz A, Chocholaty O, Pakula D (2016) Effect of heat treatment on microstructural changes in aluminium bronze. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 61(3): 1271-1276.
[23] Igelegbai EE, Alo OA, Adeodu AO, Daniyan IA (2017) Evaluation of Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of α-Brass Alloy Produced from Scrap Copper and Zinc Metal through Sand Casting Process. Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 5(1): 18-28.
[24] Wu Y, Huang S, Chen Q, Feng B, Shu D, Huang Z (2019) Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Copper Billets Fabricated by the Repetitive Extrusion and Free Forging Process. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 28(4): 2063-2070.
Published
2020-04-22
How to Cite
Kaiser, M., & Kaiser, S. (2020, April 22). Influence of Aluminium and Zinc Additives on the Physical and Thermal Behaviour of Cast Copper. Sustainable Structures and Materials, An International Journal, 3(1), 1-9. Retrieved from http://ssmij.org/index.php/ssm/article/view/SSM.2020.03.01.001
Section
Articles
1.gif)
